Wine

Wine is an alcoholic beverage made from the fermentation of
grape juice.The natural chemical balance of grapes is
such that they can ferment without the addition of sugars,
acids, enzymes or other nutrients.Wine is produced by
fermenting crushed grapes using various types of yeast which
consume the sugars found in the grapes and convert them into
alcohol. Different varieties of grapes and strains of yeasts
are used depending on the types of wine being produced.
Although other fruits such as apples and berries can also be
fermented, the resultant "wines" are normally named after the
fruit from which they are produced (for example, apple wine
or elderberry wine) and are generically known as fruit wine
or country wine (not to be confused with the French term vin
du pays). Others, such as barley wine and rice wine (e.g. sake),
are made from starch-based materials and resemble beer and
spirit more than wine, while ginger wine is fortified with
brandy. In these cases, the use of the term "wine" is a reference
to the higher alcohol content, rather than production process.
The commercial use of the English word "wine"
(and its equivalent in other languages) is protected by law
in many jurisdictions.

Wine has a rich history dating back to around 6000 BC and is
thought to have originated in areas now within the borders of
Georgia and Iran.Wine probably appeared in Europe at
about 4500 BC in what is now Bulgaria and Greece, and was very
common in ancient Greece, Thrace and Rome. Wine has also
played an important role in religion throughout history. The
Greek god Dionysos and the Roman equivalent Bacchus
represented wine, and the drink is also used in Christian and
Jewish ceremonies such as the Eucharist and Kiddush.

The word "wine" derives from the Proto-Germanic
*winam, an early borrowing from the Latin vinum,
"wine" or "(grape) vine", itself derived from the
Proto-Indo-European stem *win-o-
(cf. Ancient Greek ????? - oinos, Aeolic Greek ?????? - woinos).
Similar words for wine or grapes are found in the Semitic
languages (cf. Arabic ??? wayn) and in Georgian (gvino);
some consider the term to be a wanderwort, or "wandering word".